Laguerre's differential equation


Laguerre's differential equation is a second order linear Ordinary differential equation of a function x(t)x(t):

td2xdt2+(1t)dxdt+nx=0t \frac{d^{2}x}{dt^{2}}+(1-t) \frac{dx}{dt}+nx=0

It has nonsingular solution only for nNn\in \mathbb{N}, and those solutions are the Laguerre polynomials. This equation can be generalized to

td2xdt2+(α+1t)dxdt+nx=0t \frac{d^{2}x}{dt^{2}}+(\alpha+1-t) \frac{dx}{dt}+nx=0

for some αR\alpha \in \mathbb{R}. Nonsingular solutions to this equation are known as the associated Laguerre polynomials.